Muammar al-Qaddafi, also spelled Muammar Khadafy, Moammar Gadhafi, or Muʿammar al-Qadhdhāfī, (born 1942, near Sirte, Libya—died October 20, 2011, Sirte), de facto leader of Libya (1969–2011). Qaddafi had ruled for more than four decades when he was ousted by a revolt in August 2011. After evading capture for several weeks, he was killed by rebel forces in October 2011.

Libya was a great country under Gaddafi and it was making the destabilization of the Middle East Obama and Hillary. The Libyan people had great lives under Colonel Gaddafi.

• There was no electricity bill in Libya; electricity is free for all its citizens.
• There was no interest on loans, banks in Libya are state-owned, and loans are given to all its citizens at 0% interest by law.
• Home was considered a human right in Libya – Gaddafi vowed that his parents would not get a house until everyone in Libya had a home. Gaddafi’s father died while he, his wife, and his mother are still living in a tent.
•  All newlyweds in Libya receive $60,000 Dinar (US$ 50,000 ) from the government to buy their first apartment so to help start up the family.
• Education and medical treatments are free in Libya. Before Gaddafi only 25% of Libyans are literate. Today the figure is 83%.
• Should Libyans want to take up a farming career, they would receive farming land, a farming house, equipment, seeds, and livestock to kick-start their farms – all for free.
• If Libyans cannot find the education or medical facilities they need in Libya, the government funds them to go abroad for it – not only free but they get US $2, 300/mth accommodation and car allowance.
• In Libyan, if a Libyan buys a car, the government subsidized 50% of the price.
• The price of petrol in Libya is $0. 14 per liter.
• Libya has no external debt and its reserves amount to $150 billion – now frozen globally.
• If a Libyan is unable to get employment after graduation the state would pay the average salary of the profession as if he or she is employed until employment is found.
• A portion of Libyan oil sales is, credited directly to the bank accounts of all Libyan citizens.
• A mother who gave birth to a child receives US $5,000
• 40 loaves of bread in Libya costs $0.15
• 25% of Libyans have a university degree
• Gaddafi carried out the world’s largest irrigation project, known as the Great Man-Made River project, to make water readily available throughout the desert country.
• He built African Union and made the African golden Dinner and planned to build African Army.
• He planned to sell oil in gold, not the dollar.
• He built satellites for African countries to communicate directly in a cheap way. which made France lose billions every year in its telecommunication system.
• He stopped many African countries from building relationships with Israelis.
• He has a lot of cash, oil, gas, and gold.
• He liberated the Libyan economy from the international bank and foreign control.
• He doesn't listen to western governments but he used to challenge them.
• Gaddafi supported all revolutionary movements in the world to liberate their countries and nations.
• GADDAFI had an international project in his green book which criticizes socialism and capitalism as economic systems. He believes wealth should be shared by people but not controlled by individuals as in capitalism or the state as in socialism.
• The green book considers the dominant democracy nowadays is the dictatorship of capitalism because if you are not rich or sponsored by someone rich you can't reach power. Gaddafi believes that people should not be represented by anyone as in parliaments today. He thinks representation is a falsification.

and of course, we now know after the Hillary email leaks, he was killed because of his ideas and intentions for an African gold-backed currency and doing away with the petrol dollar. It was all about oil and money... Due to the “Petro-Dollar agreement”. The same reasons why the U.S. invaded Iraq, Afghanistan, Kuwait, Lybia, Syria, etc.. and overthrew or killed their leaders who stood against them. In fear of the dollar collapse, The U.S. reached an agreement with Saudi Arabia to convince OPEC countries to price/sell oil only in U.S. dollars to foreign nations. In exchange for this, the U.S. offered military aid and loads of money to the Saudis. But Gadaffi disagreed and refused to sell their oil in dollars. Thus the U.S./ Zionists labeled him as a ‘terrorist’ and strategically decided to assassinate him. They achieved turning Libyan people against their own government by promoting lies, fake news, and agendas and encouraging region-wide democratic revolutions. They stated that their intention was to fight terrorism, human rights violations, and crime. But we know it was another cover-up just like the Syrian wars, 9/11, etc.

Rise to power, policies, and The Green Book

The son of an itinerant Bedouin farmer, Qaddafi was born in a tent in the Libyan desert. He proved a talented student and graduated from the University of Libya in 1963. A devout Muslim and ardent Arab nationalist, Qaddafi early began plotting to overthrow the Libyan monarchy of King Idris I. He graduated from the Libyan military academy in 1965 and thereafter rose steadily through the ranks, all the while continuing to plan a coup with the help of his fellow army officers. On September 1, 1969, Qaddafi seized control of the government in a military coup that deposed King Idris. Qaddafi was named commander in chief of the armed forces and chairman of Libya’s new governing body, the Revolutionary Command Council.

Qaddafi removed the U.S. and British military bases from Libya in 1970. He expelled most members of the native Italian and Jewish communities from Libya that same year, and in 1973 he nationalized all foreign-owned petroleum assets in the country. He outlawed alcoholic beverages and gambling, in accordance with his own strict Islamic principles. Qaddafi also began a series of persistent but unsuccessful attempts to unify Libya with other Arab countries. He was adamantly opposed to negotiations with Israel and became a leading figure in the Arab world in the rejection of the Egyptian-Israeli peace process. He earned a reputation for military adventurism; his government was implicated in several abortive coup attempts in Egypt and Sudan, and Libyan forces persistently intervened in the long-running civil war in neighboring Chad.

From 1974 onward Qaddafi espoused a form of Islamic socialism as expressed in The Green Book. This combined the nationalization of many economic sectors with a brand of populist government ostensibly operating through people’s congresses, labor unions, and other mass organizations. Innovations along these lines continued to be introduced, including a system of government in 1977 called jamāhīriyyah (a neologism implying a popular decentralized confederation). Qaddafi relinquished his formal leadership of Libya’s government in 1979 but, despite the claims of merely guiding a revolutionary form of populist democracy, the reins of power remained firmly concentrated in his hands.

Foreign relations, Lockerbie bombing, and sanctions

Meanwhile, Qaddafi was becoming known for his erratic and unpredictable behavior on the international scene. His government financed a broad spectrum of groups worldwide that sought revolutionary objectives of their own, including the Black Panthers and the Nation of Islam in the United States and the Irish Republican Army in Northern Ireland. Squads of Libyan agents assassinated émigré opponents abroad, and his government was allegedly involved in several bloody terrorist incidents in Europe perpetrated by Palestinian or other Arab extremists. These activities brought him into growing conflict with the U.S. government, and in April 1986, a force of British-based U.S. warplanes bombed several sites in Libya, killing or wounding several of his children and narrowly missing Qaddafi himself.

Libya’s purported involvement in the destruction of a civilian airliner in 1988 over Lockerbie, Scotland, led to United Nations (UN) and U.S. sanctions that further isolated Qaddafi from the international community. In the late 1990s, however, Qaddafi turned over the alleged perpetrators of the bombing to international authorities. UN sanctions against Libya were subsequently lifted in 2003, and, following Qaddafi’s announcement that Libya would cease its unconventional weapons program, the United States dropped most of its sanctions as well. Although some observers remained critical, these measures provided an opportunity for the rehabilitation of Qaddafi’s image abroad and facilitated his country’s gradual return to the global community.

In February 2009 Qaddafi was elected chairman of the African Union (AU), and later that year he gave his first speech before the UN General Assembly. The lengthy critical speech, in which he threw a copy of the UN Charter, generated a significant measure of controversy within the international community. In early 2010 Qaddafi’s attempt to remain as chairman of the AU beyond the customary one-year term was met with resistance from several other African countries and ultimately was denied.

Libyan revolt of 2011

In February 2011, after antigovernment demonstrations forced Presidents Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali and Hosni Mubarak from power in the neighboring countries of Tunisia and Egypt, anti-Qaddafi demonstrations broke out in the Libyan city of Benghazi. As the protests spread throughout the country, the Qaddafi regime attempted to violently suppress them, directing police and mercenary forces to fire live ammunition at protesters and ordering attacks by artillery, fighter jets, and helicopter gunships against demonstration sites. Foreign government officials and international human rights groups condemned the regime’s assault on the protesters. Qaddafi’s violent tactics also alienated senior figures in the Libyan government. The Libyan minister of justice resigned in protest, and a number of senior Libyan diplomats either resigned or issued statements of support for the uprising. On February 22 Qaddafi delivered a rambling defiant speech on state television, refusing to step down and calling the demonstrators traitors and saboteurs. He claimed that the opposition had been directed by al-Qaeda and that the protesters had been under the influence of hallucinogenic drugs. He urged his supporters to defend him by fighting protesters.

Qaddafi’s hold on power appeared increasingly weak as the opposition forces gained strength. By the end of February, opposition forces had established control over large amounts of Libyan territory, encircling Tripoli, where Qaddafi remained in control but in growing isolation. In interviews with Western media on February 28, Qaddafi insisted that he was still well-loved by the Libyan people and denied that the regime had used violence against the demonstrators. He repeated his claim that the opposition in Libya had been organized by al-Qaeda.

As the opposition gained strength, international pressure for Qaddafi to step down increased. On February 26 the UN Security Council unanimously approved a measure that included sanctions against the Qaddafi regime, imposing a travel ban and an arms embargo and freezing the Qaddafi family’s assets. On February 28 the United States announced that it had frozen $30 billion in Libyan assets linked to Qaddafi.

Although international opposition to Qaddafi’s actions continued to build, his forces seemed to regain the upper hand in Libya, retaking many of the areas that had been taken by the rebels early in the conflict. As Qaddafi’s forces advanced on Benghazi, the UN Security Council voted on March 17 to authorize military intervention to protect civilians. The ensuing air campaign, led by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), inflicted significant damage on pro-Qaddafi forces but did not decisively tip the balance in favor of the rebels, leading to an apparent stalemate between the two forces. In late March the Qaddafi regime was shaken by the defection of two senior Libyan officials, Moussa Koussa and Ali Abdussalam el-Treki, both members of Qaddafi’s inner circle. Despite those setbacks, Qaddafi appeared to remain firmly in control in Tripoli, stating publicly that he would resist any attempt to remove him from power. Pro-Qaddafi forces continued to operate in spite of the NATO air campaign.

On April 30 a NATO air strike on Qaddafi’s Bāb al-ʿAzīziyyah compound in Tripoli killed Qaddafi’s youngest son, Sayf al-Arab, and three of Qaddafi’s grandchildren. Qaddafi, reportedly in the targeted house at the time of the attack, escaped without injury. Following the air strike, NATO denied that it had adopted a strategy of trying to kill Qaddafi.

In early March the International Criminal Court (ICC) announced that it would open an investigation into possible crimes against humanity by Qaddafi and his supporters. On May 16 the ICC called for arrest warrants to be issued against Qaddafi, along with his son Sayf al-Islam and the Libyan intelligence chief, Abdullah Senussi, for ordering attacks on civilians during the uprising; the arrest warrants, for crimes against humanity, were issued on June 27.

In August 2011 Qaddafi’s hold on power appeared to break when rebel forces entered Tripoli and took control of most areas of the city. Rebel fighters achieved a major symbolic victory on August 23 when they captured the Bāb al-ʿAzīziyyah compound, Qaddafi’s headquarters in Tripoli. Jubilant crowds ransacked the compound, destroying symbols of the Qaddafi regime. Qaddafi’s whereabouts remained uncertain, although he released several audio messages urging the Libyan people to resist the rebels. As rebel forces solidified their hold on Tripoli, they intensified their efforts to track down Qaddafi, offering a $1.7 million reward for killing or capturing him. Qaddafi was killed in Sirte on October 20 as rebel forces took control of the city, one of the last remaining loyalist strongholds.